• J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 97 : 7174 (1975).
•
Can also be used to activate carboxylic acids for the C-acylation of active methylene compounds: J. Org. Chem., 43, 3631 (1978). In the presence of Lewis acids, active methylene compounds such as dimethyl malonate react with the cyanophosphonate itself. The product can be converted to a uracil derivative by reaction with phenyl isocyanate: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 1919 (1994):
• Phosphorylating agent for phenols: Synth. Commun., 27, 3035 (1997).
• Thiol esters can be formed under similar conditions: J. Org. Chem., 39, 3302 (1974).
• Promotes the formation of amides and esters from amines or alcohols in the presence of, e.g. triethylamine : Tetrahedron, 32, 2211 (1976). The reaction is applicable to peptide synthesis, since little racemization has been observed: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 97, 7174 (1975). The extent of racemization in comparison with other methods has been studied: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 30, 3147 (1982). See Appendix 6. With 2 equivalents of reagent in the absence of a nucleophile, an intermediate 1-(1,1-dicyano)phosphate is formed, leading, on treatment with acid, to the homologated ɑ-hydroxy acid: Tetrahedron Lett., 39, 9209 (1998).
• Activates carboxylic acids towards nucleophiles:
• Strecker reaction with aldehydes or ketones in the presence of amines or ammonia gives goodyields ofɑ-amino nitriles: Tetrahedron Lett., 4663 (1979). Pre-formed enamines give the same products: Synthesis, 716 (1979).
有害性 (Xn)
腐蚀性 (C)
剧毒 (T+)