CAS 146-22-5|CAS 136765-45-2|Benzalin|Eunoctin|Sonnolin|1,3-Dihydro-7-nitro-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one|Hipnax|Insomin|Somnite|Relact|Hipsal|Ibrovek|Neuchlonic|nitrazepam|Remnos|Sonebon|Epin... | Molfinder
• Oelschlager H: [Chemical and pharmacologic aspects of benzodiazepines] Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1989 Jul 4;78(27-28):766-72. Pubmed
• Nowakowska E, Chodera A: Studies on the involvement of opioid mechanism in the locomotor effects of benzodiazepines in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1991 Feb;38(2):265-6. Pubmed
• Rickels K: The clinical use of hypnotics: indications for use and the need for a variety of hypnotics. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1986;332:132-41. Pubmed
• Podhorna J, Krsiak M: Behavioural effects of a benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist, Ro 19-8022, in the social conflict test in mice. Behav Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;11(2):143-51. Pubmed
• Robertson MD, Drummer OH: Postmortem drug metabolism by bacteria. J Forensic Sci. 1995 May;40(3):382-6. Pubmed
• Aboul-Enein, H.Y., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 9, 487 (1980).
A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.
Indication
Used to treat short-term sleeping problems (insomnia), such as difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and early-morning awakening.
Pharmacology
Nitrazepam is a type of benzodiazepine drug. It is a powerful hypnotic drug which possesses strong sedative, anxiolytic, amnestic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Nitrazepam shortens the time required to fall asleep and lengthens the duration of sleep. It is also useful for the management of myoclonic seizures.
Toxicity
Nitrazepam is a drug which is very frequently involved in drug intoxication, including overdose. Nitrazepam overdose may result in stereotypical symptoms of benzodiazepine overdose including intoxication, impaired balance, slurred speech. In cases of severe overdose this may progress to a comatose state with the possibility of death.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Absorption
Bioavailability is 53-94% following oral administration.
Half Life
15-38 hours (mean elimination half life 26 hours).
References
•
Rickels K: The clinical use of hypnotics: indications for use and the need for a variety of hypnotics. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1986;332:132-41.
[Pubmed]
•
Robertson MD, Drummer OH: Postmortem drug metabolism by bacteria. J Forensic Sci. 1995 May;40(3):382-6.
[Pubmed]
•
Oelschlager H: [Chemical and pharmacologic aspects of benzodiazepines] Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1989 Jul 4;78(27-28):766-72.
[Pubmed]
•
Podhorna J, Krsiak M: Behavioural effects of a benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist, Ro 19-8022, in the social conflict test in mice. Behav Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;11(2):143-51.
[Pubmed]
•
Nowakowska E, Chodera A: Studies on the involvement of opioid mechanism in the locomotor effects of benzodiazepines in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1991 Feb;38(2):265-6.
[Pubmed]
A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).
USDEA Schedule IV; Home Office Schedule 4.1; psychotrope; kontrollierte Droge in Deutschland; regulated under CDSA - not available from Sigma-Aldrich Canada
有害性 (Xn)