An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to warfarin, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)
Indication
For the treatment of pulmonary embolism, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and flutter, cerebral embolism, mural thrombosis, and thrombophili. Also used for anticoagulant prophylaxis.
Pharmacology
Phenindione thins the blood by antagonizing vitamin K which is required for the production of clotting factors in the liver. Anticoagulants such as Phenindione have no direct effect on an established thrombus, nor do they reverse ischemic tissue damage (damage caused by an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body). However, once a thrombus has occurred, the goal of anticoagulant treatment is to prevent further extension of the formed clot and prevent secondary thromboembolic complications which may result in serious and possibly fatal sequelae. Phenindione has actions similar to warfarin, but it is now rarely employed because of its higer incidence of severe adverse effects.
Research Area: Immunology, Cardiovascular Disease Biological Activity: Phenindione(Rectadione) is an anticoagulant which functions as a Vitamin K antagonist. A lymphocyte transformation test showed proliferation of T-cells from the hypersensitive patient, but not from four controls on exposure to phenindione in vitro. Drug-specific T-cell clones were generated and characterized in terms of their phenotype, functionality, and mechanism of antigen presentation. Forty-three human leukocyte antigen class II restricted CD4+ αβ T-cell clones were identified. T-cell activation resulted in the secretion of interferon-γ and interleukin-5. [1][2]
有毒 (T)