A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial wounds, burns, ulcers, and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. [PubChem]
Indication
For the treatement of bacterial skin infections including pyodermas, infected dermatoses and infections of cuts, wounds, burns and ulcers due to susceptible organisms.
Pharmacology
Nitrofurazone is a topical antibacterial agent indicated as an adjunctive therapy for second and third degree burns when resistance to other agents is a real or potential problem. Nitrofurazone is also indicated in skin grafting when bacterial contamination may cause graft rejection or donor site infection, especially in hospitals with a history of resistant bacteria.
Toxicity
Rat LD50 = 590 mg/kg; Allergic contact dermatitis is the most frequently reported adverse effect, occurring in approximately 1 % of patients treated.
Affected Organisms
Gram negative and gram positive bacteria
Biotransformation
Nitrofurans, including nitrofural, undergo metabolic reduction at the nitro group to generate reactive species which can covalently bind to cellular macromolecules (Polnaszek et al., 1984; Kutcher & McCalla, 1984; McCalla 1979; McCalla et al., 1975).
Research Area: Infection Biological Activity: Nitrofurazone is a topical anti-infective agent with an IC50 of 22.83 ± 1.2 µM, and effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. (Rat LD50 = 590 mg/kg)[1] Nitrofurazone (NF) and its derivative, hydroxymethylnitrofurazone (NFOH), have presented antichagasic activity. In vitro cruzain inhibition tests were performed for both compounds, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for NF and NFOH presented values of 22.83 ± 1.2 µM and 10.55 ± 0.81 µM, respectively. AM1 semi-empirical molecular modeling studies were performed to understand the activity of the compounds, corroborating the observed cruzain inhibitory activity. [2]
有害性 (Xn)
易燃性 (F)
