Molecule

DB00755 

DB00982 

S1379 

Research Area: Acne
Biological Activity:
Isotretinoin is a medication used for the treatment of severe acne. It was first developed to be used as a chemotherapy medication for the treatment of brain cancer, pancreatic cancer and more. It is still used in the treatment of these cancers to this day because of its ability to kill rapidly dividing cells. [1]

S1653 

Research Area: Cancer
Biological Activity:
Tretinoin is an agent which is commonly used to treat acne vulgaris and keratosis pilaris. Its success in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia was a major breakthrough in the treatment of this type of leukemia. It works in APL because the majority of cases involve a chromosomal translocation of chromosomes 15 and 17, which causes genetic fusion of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) gene to the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene. This fusion PML-RAR protein is responsible for preventing immature myeloid cells from differentiating into more mature cells. [1]

02158725 

Purity: >98%
VDR-RXR heterodimer-DNA complex destabilizer.

02190269 

All Trans Isomer
Crystalline
Reported to inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cultures.

Retinoic_acid 

R3255 

Biochem/physiol Actions
13-cis-Retinoic acid (RA) has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor action. The action of RA is mediated through RAR-β and RAR-α receptors. RA attenuates iNOS expression and activity in cytokine-stimulated murine mesangial cells. It induces mitochondrial membrane permeability transition, observed as swelling and as a decrease in membrane potential, and stimulates the release of cytochrome c implicating mechanisms through the apoptosis pathway. These activities are reversed by EGTA and cyclosporin A. RA also increases MMP-1 protein expression partially via increased transcription.
Other Notes
Tandem Mass Spectrometry data independently generated by Scripps Center for Metabolomics is available to view or download in PDF. R3255.pdf Tested metabolites are featured on Scripps Center for Metabolomics METLIN Metabolite Database. To learn more, visit sigma.com/metlin.

R2625 

Frequently Asked Questions
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包装
1, 5 g in ampule
50, 100, 500 mg in ampule
Sealed ampule
Biochem/physiol Actions
all-trans-Retinoic acid (ATRA) is a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR). The bound RAR and RXR act as transcription factors that regulate the growth and differentiation of both normal and malignant cells. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) catalyze the 4-hydroxylation of ATRA. Retinoic acid primes embryonic stem cells to become neurons.
Other Notes
Tandem Mass Spectrometry data independently generated by Scripps Center for Metabolomics is available to view or download in PDF. R2625.pdf Tested metabolites are featured on Scripps Center for Metabolomics METLIN Metabolite Database. To learn more, visit sigma.com/metlin.

95152 

Other Notes
Review: Retinoic acid metabolism1
Unit Definition
1 U corresponds to 1 international U acc. to Ph Eur II, 217 (1983)
Biochem/physiol Actions
all-trans-Retinoic acid (ATRA) is a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR). The bound RAR and RXR act as transcription factors that regulate the growth and differentiation of both normal and malignant cells. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) catalyze the 4-hydroxylation of ATRA. Retinoic acid primes embryonic stem cells to become neurons.

R250000 

Used as a treatment for severe acne. Presently being studied in conjuction with the treatment of photoaged skin.

R245030 

An impurity of Isotretinoin as per European Pharmacopoeia.

R250200 

Physiological metabolite of vitamin A. Effects gene expression via nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR); mediates cellular growth and differentiation.

R245020 

A retinoid compound with reduced toxicity than the starting or parent retinoid.

R245015 

An endogenous retinoid that induces liver fibrosis via the activation of latent transforming growth factor-β. A major plasma metabolite of 9-cis Retinoic Acid (R245000).