Molecule

Drug Groups

approved; investigational

Description

A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use. [PubChem]

Indication

For the acute, intermittent treatment of hypomobility, off episodes (end-of-dose wearing off and unpredictable on/off episodes) associated with advanced Parkinson's disease.

Pharmacology

Apomorphine is a type of dopaminergic agonist, a morphine derivative which primarily affects the hypothalamic region of the brain. Drugs containing this substance are sometimes used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease or erectile dysfunction. In higher doses it is a highly effective emetic.

Toxicity

LD₅₀=0.6 mmoles/kg (mice, intraperitoneal)

Affected Organisms

Biotransformation

Hepatic

Absorption

100% following subcutaneous administration

Half Life

40 minutes (range 30 - 60 minutes)

Protein Binding

~50%-albumin

Distribution

* 123 to 404 L

Clearance

* 223 L/hr

References

External Links