Drug Groups

approved

Description

Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases. [PubChem]

Indication

For the treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis, benign mucous membrane pemphigoid and pyoderma gangrenosum

Pharmacology

Sulfapyridine is a sulfonamide antibiotic. The sulfonamides are synthetic bacteriostatic antibiotics with a wide spectrum against most gram-positive and many gram-negative organisms. However, many strains of an individual species may be resistant. Sulfonamides inhibit multiplication of bacteria by acting as competitive inhibitors of p-aminobenzoic acid in the folic acid metabolism cycle. Bacterial sensitivity is the same for the various sulfonamides, and resistance to one sulfonamide indicates resistance to all. Most sulfonamides are readily absorbed orally. However, parenteral administration is difficult, since the soluble sulfonamide salts are highly alkaline and irritating to the tissues. The sulfonamides are widely distributed throughout all tissues. High levels are achieved in pleural, peritoneal, synovial, and ocular fluids. Although these drugs are no longer used to treat meningitis, CSF levels are high in meningeal infections. Their antibacterial action is inhibited by pus.

Toxicity

LD₅₀ is 15800 mg/kg (orally in rats).

Affected Organisms

Biotransformation

Hepatic.

Absorption

Approximately 60-80%

Half Life

6-14 hours.

Protein Binding

Approximately 50% bound to plasma proteins.

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