物质信息
ID:714838
名称和标识
IUPAC传统名
formaldehyde
IUPAC标准名
formaldehyde
别名
Paraformaldehyde多聚甲醛Polyoxymethylene
化合物性质
安全信息
GHS危险品标识
易燃气体类别1
易燃气溶胶，第1,2类
易燃液体，类别1,2,3
自反应物质和混合物，类型B，C，D，E，F
自燃液体类别1
自燃固体类别1
自我放热物质和混合物，类别1,2
与水接触的物质和混合物，放出易燃气体类别1,2,3
有机过氧化物，类别B，C，D，E，F
呼吸道过敏，类别1
生殖细胞突变，类别1A，1B，2
致癌性，类别1A，1B，2
生殖毒性，类别1A，1B，2
特定目标器官毒性 – 一次接触，类别1,2
特定目标器官毒性 – 反复接触，类别1,2
吸入危险，类别1
腐蚀金属，类别1
腐蚀皮肤，类别1A，1B，1C
严重眼损伤，类别1
急性毒性（口服，皮肤接触，吸入），类别4
皮肤刺激，类别2
眼刺激，类别2
皮肤过敏，类别1
特定目标器官毒性 -一次接触，类别3
欧盟危险性物质标志
腐蚀性 (C)
易燃性 (F)
有害性 (X)联合国危险货物等级
4.1
联合国危险货物包装类别(PG)
III
RTECS编号
RV0540000
安全公开号
9-20-26-36/37/39-45-60
GHS警示性声明
P210-P241-P303+P361+P353-P305+P351+P338-P405-P501A
TSCA收录
是
危险公开号
11-20/22-34-40-43
GHS危险声明
H314-H318-H228-H351-H302-H332-H317
联合国危险货物编号
UN2213
理化性质
熔点
120-170°C dec.
闪点
71°C(159°F)
密度
1.30
产品相关信息
纯度
97%
描述信息
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分子图谱
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参考文献
• See also Formaldehyde, A16163 and 1,3,5-Trioxane, A15639 .
• Reaction with dialkyl phosphites gives hydroxymethyl phosphonates, which, after O-protection, undergo the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction to give enol ethers. See, e.g.: Org. Synth. Coll., 7, 160 (1990).
• For use in the preparation of di-t-butyl methylenemalonate, see Di-tert-butyl malonate, A12774. For the direct ɑ-methylenation of ketones, see N-Methylanilinium trifluoroacetate, A17781.
• In the presence of HCl, aromatics undergo chloromethylation. For reviews, see: Org. React., 1, 63 (1942); Russ. Chem. Rev., 46, 891 (1977). Caution! carcinogenic bis(chloromethyl) ether is formed in these reactions. In combination with Hydrobromic acid, A14475, the bromomethylation of aromatics has been effected: J. Org. Chem., 58, 1262 (1993). The same combination also N-bromomethylates phthalimide and other imides: Synlett, 933 (1994).
• Formaldehyde monomer, generated by thermolysis, has been used for the ɑ-hydroxymethylation of dilithiated carboxylic acids. Dehydration of the products affords ɑ-alkyl acrylic acids: J. Org. Chem., 37, 1256 (1972). Monomeric formaldehyde can also be prepared as a THF solution by dehydration with p-Toluenesulfonic anhydride, L00160, and co-distillation of the monomer with the solvent: Synlett, 704 (1990). The use of anhydrous molecular formaldehyde for hydroxymethylation reactions has been discussed: Synlett, 227 (1990).
• For use in preparation of Mannich bases, see: Org. Synth. Coll., 3, 305 (1955); 4, 281 (1963). For reviews, see: Org. React., 1, 303 (1942); Synthesis, 703 (1973); Tetrahedron, 46, 1791 (1990).