Application
Sulfamethazine is an antibiotic used to clinically treat bronchitis, prostatitis and urinary tract infections1. It is used in disposition and depletion kinetic studies2,3. It is used to develop detection techniques for quantification in fluids such as cows’ milk, honey and swine urine4.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Sulfamethazine is an antimicrobial sulfur drug that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. Sulfamethazine is a competitive inhibitor of bacterial para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which is required for bacterial synthesis of folic acid1. It induces CYP3A4 expression and is acetylated by N-acetyltransferase. It exhibits sex dependent pharmacokinetics, metabolized by the male specific isoform CYP2C11. Sulfamethazine is bacteriostatic.