Drug Groups

illicit; withdrawn

Description

In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew approval for pemoline. In March 2005, Abbott Laboratories (Cylert marketer) had discontinued the production of Cylert arguing economic reasons.

Indication

For treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Pharmacology

Pemoline belongs to the group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) stimulants. It is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Pemoline stimulates the brain, probably by affecting neurotransmitters, the chemicals in the brain that nerves use to communicate with each other.

Toxicity

Side effects include insomnia, anorexia, stomach ache, skin rashes, increased irritability, mild depression, nausea, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, and hallucinations

Affected Organisms

Biotransformation

Hepatic

Absorption

Pemoline is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

Half Life

The serum half-life of pemoline is approximately 12 hours.

Protein Binding

Approximately 50% (bound to plasma proteins).

Elimination

Pemoline is excreted primarily by the kidneys with approximately 50% excreted unchanged and only minor fractions present as metabolites.

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