A cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to propranolol, but without a negative inotropic effect. [PubChem]
Indication
For the management of hypertention and long-term management of patients with angina pectoris
Pharmacology
Atenolol, a competitive beta(1)-selective adrenergic antagonist, has the lowest lipid solubility of this drug class. Although it is similar to metoprolol, atenolol differs from pindolol and propranolol in that it does not have intrinsic sympathomimetic properties or membrane-stabilizing activity. Atenolol is used alone or with chlorthalidone in the management of hypertension and edema.
Toxicity
LD50=2000-3000 mg/kg(orally in mice). Symptoms of an atenolol overdose include a slow heart beat, shortness of breath, fainting, dizziness, weakness, confusion, nausea, and vomiting.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation
Hepatic (minimal)
Absorption
Approximately 50% of an oral dose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the remainder being excreted unchanged in the feces.
Half Life
6-7 hours
Protein Binding
Plasma protein binding is 6-16%
Elimination
Approximately 50% of an oral dose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the remainder being excreted unchanged in the feces. Unlike propranolol or metoprolol, but like nadolol, atenolol undergoes little or no metabolism by the liver, and the absorbed portion is eliminated primarily by renal excretion.
Biochem/physiol Actions Selective β1-adrenoceptor antagonist; antihypertensive; antianginal; antiarrhythmic. Other Notes Shelf-life of the solid is at least three years. Application Atenolol is a β-adrenergic blocker and used in the management of hypertension. Atenolol has antianginal and antiarrhythmic properties.
