A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. nitrous oxide is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)
Indication
For the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia
Pharmacology
Halothane is a general inhalation anesthetic used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It reduces the blood pressure and frequently decreases the pulse rate and depresses respiration. It induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability. It does so by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential.
Toxicity
Toxic effects of halothane include malignant hyperthermia and hepatitis.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation
Halothane is metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP2E1, and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4 and CYP2A6.
References
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Bovill JG: Inhalation anaesthesia: from diethyl ether to xenon. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2008;(182):121-42.
[Pubmed]
包装 125, 250 mL in glass bottle Application 2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, or halothane, has been used in a study that combined molecular simulations with free energy simulations to study solvation of halothane in polarizable water and methanol. Halothane has also been used in a study to investigate the interaction of anesthetics with the Rho GTPase regulator Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor. Biochem/physiol Actions Inhalation anesthetic. In an effect believed to be independent of anesthesia, halothane inhibits synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine in brain tissue, probably at the tryptophan hydroxylase step.1
Biochem/physiol Actions Inhalation anesthetic. In an effect believed to be independent of anesthesia, halothane inhibits synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine in brain tissue, probably at the tryptophan hydroxylase step.1