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Efficient peptide coupling agent for N-methylated amino esters for which coupling with a number of conventional reagents has proved ineffective or slow, and giving superior results to 1H-Benzotriazol-1-yloxytri(1-pyrrolidinyl)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, B25251, in this type of reaction: J. Org. Chem., 59, 2437 (1994). See Appendix 6.• Can also be used to activate formamides, e.g. reaction of DMF with primary amines to yield formamidines: Tetrahedron Lett., 40, 5487 (1999).