Description

Cancer

Description

Lapatinib Ditosylate (GW572016, GW2016, Tykerb, Tyverb) is a potent EGFR and ErbB2 inhibitor with IC50 of 10.8 and 9.2 nM, respectively.

Targets

IC₅₀

In Vitro

Lapatinib Ditosylate weakly inhibits the activity of ErbB4 with IC50 of 367 nM, and displays >300-fold selectivity for EGFR and ErbB2 over other kinases such as c-Src, c-Raf, MEK, ERK, c-Fms, CDK1, CDK2, p38, Tie-2, and VEGFR2. Lapatinib Ditosylate significantly inhibits receptor autophosphorylation of EGFR and ErbB2 in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 170 nM and 80 nM, respectively in HN5 cells; as well as 210 nM and 60 nM, respectively in BT474 cells. Unlike OSI-774 and Iressa (ZD1839) which preferentially inhibit the growth of the EGFR-overexpressing cells, Lapatinib Ditosylate inhibits the growth of both EGFR- and ErbB2-overexpressing cells. Lapatinib Ditosylate displays higher inhibitory activity against EGFR- or ErbB2-overexpressing cells with IC50 of 0.09-0.21 μM, compared with cells expressing low levels of EGFR or ErbB2 with IC50 of 3-12 μM, and exhibits ~100-fold selectivity over the normal fibroblast cells. Lapatinib Ditosylate potently inhibits the outgrowth of EGFR-overexpressing HN5 and A-431 cells, as well as ErbB2-overexpressing BT474 and N87 cells, and significantly induces G1 arrest of HN5 cells and apoptosis of BT474 cells, which are associated with inhibition of AKT phosphorylation. ^[1]

In Vivo

Oral administration of Lapatinib Ditosylate (~100 mg/kg) twice daily significantly inhibits the growth of BT474 and HN5 xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. ^[1]

Clinical Trials

A Phase II study of Lapatinib in treating patients with recurrent prostate cancer has been completed.

Features

In vitro kinase assays

The IC50 values for inhibition of enzyme activity are generated by measuring inhibition of phosphorylation of a peptide substrate. The intracellular kinase domains of EGFR and ErbB2 are purified from a baculovirus expression system. EGFR and ErbB2 reactions are performed in 96-well polystyrene round-bottomed plates in a final volume of 45 μL. Reaction mixtures contain 50 mM 4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid (pH 7.5), 2 mM MnCl₂, 10 μM ATP, 1 μCi of [γ³³P] ATP/reaction, 50 μM Peptide A [Biotin-(amino hexonoic acid)-EEEEYFELVAKKK-CONH2], 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 1 μL of DMSO containing serial dilutions of Lapatinib beginning at 10 μM. The reaction is initiated by adding the indicated purified type-1 receptor intracellular domain. The amount of enzyme added is 1 pmol/reaction (20 nM). Reactions are terminated after 10 minutes at 23°C by adding 45 μL of 0.5% phosphoric acid in water. The terminated reaction mix (75 μL) is transferred to phosphocellulose filter plates. The plates are filtered and washed three times with 200 μL of 0.5% phosphoric acid. Scintillation cocktail (50 μL) is added to each well, and the assay is quantified by counting in a Packard Topcount. IC50 values are generated from 10-point dose-response curves.

Cell Lines

HFF, MCF-7, T47D, A-431, HN5, BT474, N87, CaLu-3, HB4a, and HB4a c5.2

Concentrations

Dissolved in DMSO, final concentrations ~100 μM

Incubation Time

72 hours

Methods

Cells are exposed to various concentrations of Lapatinib for 72 hours. Relative cell number is estimated using methylene blue staining. The absorbance at 620 nm is read in a Spectra microplate reader. Cell death and cell cycle analysis are assessed by propidium iodide staining and antibody detection of incorporated BrdUrd and staining with propidium iodide.

Animal Models

CD-1 nude female mice implanted s.c. with HN5 cells, and C.B-17 SCID female mice implanted s.c. with BT474 cells

Formulation

Formulated in a vehicle of sulfo-butyl-ether-β-cyclodextrin 10% aqueous solution (CD10)

Doses

~100 mg/kg

Administration

Orally twice daily