Drug Groups

approved; investigational

Description

Latanoprost ophthalmic solution is a topical medication used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a prostaglandin analogue that works by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes.

It is also known by the brand name of Xalatan manufactured by Pfizer.

Indication

For the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Pharmacology

Latanoprost is an isopropyl ester prodrug which is inactive but which becomes active after hydrolysis to the acid from. Latanoprost opthalmic solution is a topical medication used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a prostaglandin analogue that works by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes.

Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include bloodshot eyes and eye irritation.

Affected Organisms

Biotransformation

Primarily hepatic (none except hydrolysis in the eye). Latanoprost is an isopropyl ester prodrug. It is hydrolyzed by esterases in the cornea to latanoprost acid, which is biologically active. The portion of the latanoprost acid that reaches the systemic circulation is metabolized primarily by the liver to 1,2-dinor and 1,2,3,4-tetranor metabolites by fatty acid beta-oxidation.

Absorption

Latanoprost is well absorbed through the cornea where the isopropyl ester prodrug is hydrolyzed to the acid form. Peak concentration is reached 2 hrs after topical administration.

Half Life

17 minutes

Clearance

* 7 mL/min/kg

References

External Links