C—only when benefit for the mother exceeds risk to unborn child

Rx-only

16 to 30 hours. In long term treatment, CPZ induces its own metabolism

Biliary and renal, as metabolites (only traces of unchanged drug)

Oral, rectal (suppository), IM, IV infusion

Oral, 30 to 50% (interindividual variations 10–70%)

Hepatic, mostly CYP2D6-mediated