物质信息
ID:11
名称和标识
IUPAC传统名
L-arginine
IUPAC标准名
(2S)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid
别名
L-ArginineL-Arg2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acidL-(+)-ArginineL-a-Amino-d-guanidinovaleric acidArginine(S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoic acid
商标名
LevarginR-Gene 10 (Pharmacia Corp.)ArgiveneDetoxarginMinophagen AArgamine
化合物性质
理化性质
溶解度
182 mg/mL at 25 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]
疏水性(logP)
-3.6
描述信息
Drug Groups
approved; nutraceutical
Description
An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. [PubChem]
Indication
Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Pharmacology
Studies have shown that is has improved immune responses to bacteria, viruses and tumor cells; promotes wound healing and regeneration of the liver; causes the release of growth hormones; considered crucial for optimal muscle growth and tissue repair.
Toxicity
Oral supplementation with L-arginine at doses up to 15 grams daily are generally well tolerated. The most common adverse reactions of higher doses from 15 to 30 grams daily are nausea, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Some may experience these symptoms at lower doses.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation
Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized.
Absorption
Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes. Absorption is efficient and occurs by an active transport mechanism.
References
•
Morris SM Jr: Enzymes of arginine metabolism. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2743S-2747S; discussion 2765S-2767S.
[Pubmed]
•
Schulman SP, Becker LC, Kass DA, Champion HC, Terrin ML, Forman S, Ernst KV, Kelemen MD, Townsend SN, Capriotti A, Hare JM, Gerstenblith G: L-arginine therapy in acute myocardial infarction: the Vascular Interaction With Age in Myocardial Infarction (VINTAGE MI) randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2006 Jan 4;295(1):58-64.
[Pubmed]
•
Alba-Roth J, Muller OA, Schopohl J, von Werder K: Arginine stimulates growth hormone secretion by suppressing endogenous somatostatin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988 Dec;67(6):1186-9.
[Pubmed]
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参考文献
• Morris SM Jr: Enzymes of arginine metabolism. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2743S-2747S; discussion 2765S-2767S. Pubmed
• Schulman SP, Becker LC, Kass DA, Champion HC, Terrin ML, Forman S, Ernst KV, Kelemen MD, Townsend SN, Capriotti A, Hare JM, Gerstenblith G: L-arginine therapy in acute myocardial infarction: the Vascular Interaction With Age in Myocardial Infarction (VINTAGE MI) randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2006 Jan 4;295(1):58-64. Pubmed
• Alba-Roth J, Muller OA, Schopohl J, von Werder K: Arginine stimulates growth hormone secretion by suppressing endogenous somatostatin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988 Dec;67(6):1186-9. Pubmed