Description

Neurological Disease

Description

Donepezil is a specific and potent AChE inhibitor for bAChE and hAChE with IC50 of 8.12 nM and 11.6 nM , respectively.

Targets

IC₅₀

In Vitro

Donepezil inhibits the carbachol-stimulated increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in human SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells in a concentration dependent manner, indicating that Donepezil have muscarinic antagonist activity. ^[2] A recent study shows that Donepezil can protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) against H2O2-induced cell injury. This may be useful as a potential therapy for oxidative stress in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. ^[3]

In Vivo

Intraperitoneal administration of Donepezil in rats produces a dose dependent increase in salivation and tremor, which are overt cholinergic behavioural signs, with an ED50 of 6 μmol/kg. Donepezil is found to be somewhat less potent with a ED50 of 50 μmol/kg following oral administration. ^[2]. When administered separately in vivo, 5-HT(4) receptor inducer, RS67333 (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) and Donepezil (1 mg/kg) improves recognition performances compared to saline treated mice, while co-administration of subactive doses of RS67333 (0.1mg/kg) and Donepezil (0.3 mg/kg) improves memory. However, this improvement is prevented if a 5-HT(4)R antagonist (GR125487, 10 mg/kg) is also administered. ^[4]

Clinical Trials

Donepezil is currently being evaluated in Phase III clinical trials for Parkinson' s disease (PD) patients with dementia.

Features

AChE inhibitory activity

PDGF receptor is immunoprecipitated from BALB/c 3T3 cell extracts with rabbit antiserum (for the murine PDGF receptor) for 2 hours on ice. Protein A-Sepharose beads are used to collect the antigen-antibody complexes. The immunoprecipitates are washed twice with TNET (50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 140 mM NaCl, 5 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100), once with TNE (50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 140 mM EDTA), and once with kinase buffer (20 mM Tris, pH 7.5,10 mM MgCl2). After stimulation with PDGF (50 ng/ml) at 4 °C for 10 minutes, different concentrations of the drug are added to the reaction mixture. PDGF receptor kinase activity is determined by incubation with 10 μCi [7-32P]-ATP and l μM ATP for 10 minutes at 4 °C. Immune complexes are separated by SDS-PAGE on 7.5% gels.

Animal Models

Male Lister Hooded rats

Formulation

0.9% w:v NaCl (saline)

Doses

18 μM/kg

Administration

Administered via i.p. or p.o.