Substance
ID:1069
Names and Identifiers
IUPAC name
(4R)-4-(ethylamino)-2-(3-methoxypropyl)-1,1-dioxo-2H,3H,4H-1$l^{6},7,2-thieno[3,2-e][1$l^{6},2]thiazine-6-sulfonamide
Synonyms
Brinzolamide
IUPAC Traditional name
brinzolamide
Brand Name
Azopt
Properties
Physical Property
Hydrophobicity(logP)
-1.8
Molecule Details
Drug Groups
approved
Description
Brinzolamide is a highly specific, non-competitive, reversible carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme found in many tissues of the body including the eye. It catalyzes the reversible reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. In humans, carbonic anhydrase exists as a number of isoenzymes, the most active being carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II). Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary processes of the eye decreases aqueous humor secretion, presumably by slowing the formation of bicarbonate ions with subsequent reduction in sodium and fluid transport. The result is a reduction in intraocular pressure. Brinzolamide is indicated in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.
Indication
For the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.
Pharmacology
Used in the treatment of glaucoma, brinzolamide inhibits aqueous humor formation and reduces elevated intraocular pressure. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of optic nerve damage and glaucomatous visual field loss. Brinzolamide can decrease intraocular pressure by approximately 16-19% in patients with elevated intraocular pressure.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation
Ophthalmic
Absorption
Absorbed into systemic circulation following topical ocular application
Half Life
111 days
Protein Binding
Approximately 60%.
References
•
Ermis SS, Ozturk F, Inan UU: Comparing the effects of travoprost and brinzolamide on intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification. Eye. 2005 Mar;19(3):303-7.
[Pubmed]
•
Iester M, Altieri M, Michelson G, Vittone P, Traverso CE, Calabria G: Retinal peripapillary blood flow before and after topical brinzolamide. Ophthalmologica. 2004 Nov-Dec;218(6):390-6.
[Pubmed]
•
Kaup M, Plange N, Niegel M, Remky A, Arend O: Effects of brinzolamide on ocular haemodynamics in healthy volunteers. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Feb;88(2):257-62.
[Pubmed]
•
Iester M: Brinzolamide ophthalmic suspension: a review of its pharmacology and use in the treatment of open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol. 2008 Sep;2(3):517-23.
[Pubmed]
•
DeSantis L: Preclinical overview of brinzolamide. Surv Ophthalmol. 2000 Jan;44 Suppl 2:S119-29.
[Pubmed]
External Links
Molecular Spectra
No Data Available
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References
• DeSantis L: Preclinical overview of brinzolamide. Surv Ophthalmol. 2000 Jan;44 Suppl 2:S119-29. Pubmed
• Iester M: Brinzolamide ophthalmic suspension: a review of its pharmacology and use in the treatment of open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol. 2008 Sep;2(3):517-23. Pubmed
• Ermis SS, Ozturk F, Inan UU: Comparing the effects of travoprost and brinzolamide on intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification. Eye. 2005 Mar;19(3):303-7. Pubmed
• Iester M, Altieri M, Michelson G, Vittone P, Traverso CE, Calabria G: Retinal peripapillary blood flow before and after topical brinzolamide. Ophthalmologica. 2004 Nov-Dec;218(6):390-6. Pubmed
• Kaup M, Plange N, Niegel M, Remky A, Arend O: Effects of brinzolamide on ocular haemodynamics in healthy volunteers. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Feb;88(2):257-62. Pubmed