Molecule

Description

Cancer

Description

KU-60019 is a potent and specific ATM inhibitor with IC50 of 6.3 nM.

Targets

IC₅₀

In Vitro

Compared to KU-55933, KU-60019 is an improved more water-soluble inhibitor of the ATM kinase, while displaying similar target selectivity. KU-60019 has little activity against DNA-PKcs and ATR with IC50 values of 1.7 μM and >10 μM, respectively, as well as 229 other protein kinases such as PI3K, mTOR and mTOR/FKBP12. KU-60019 displays 3- to 10-fold more potency than KU-55933 at blocking radiation-induced phosphorylation of key ATM protein targets such as p53, γ-H2AX, and CHK2, in human glioma U87 and U1242 cells, as 1 μM of KU-60019 significantly induces >70% decrease of p53 (S15) phosphorylation to which extent ~10 μM of KU-55933 is required to achieve. KU-60019 effectively radiosensitizes human glioma cells with dose-enhancement ratio of 1.7 and 4.4 at 1 μM and 10 μM, respectively, and also radiosensitizes the normal fibroblasts but not the A-T fibroblasts. KU-60019 treatment (3 μM) blocks basal and insulin-induced AKT S473 phosphorylation by 70% and ~50%, respectively, and completely reduces radiation-induced AKT phosphorylation below the level of control. The effect of KU-60019 on AKT S473 phosphorylation can be seen in glioma cell lines and normal fibroblasts but not in A-T (h-TERT) cells, and can be significantly blocked by phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid, suggesting a critical role of ATM kinase in regulating AKT phosphorylation via unknown phosphatase. Consistent with the inhibition of prosurvival AKT signaling, KU-60019 at 3 μM significantly inhibits migration and invasion of human glioma U87 cells by >70% and ~60%, respectively, as well as U1242 cells by >50% and ~60% respectively. ^[1]

In Vivo

Clinical Trials

Features

An improved analog of KU-55933, more effective at blocking ATM-mediated DDR events.

Cell Lines

U87 and U1242

Concentrations

Dissolved in water, final concentrations ~3 μM

Incubation Time

1, 3, and 5 days

Methods

Cells are exposed to KU-60019 for 1, 3, and 5 days. Cell growth is determined by AlamarBlue. AlamarBlue is added to the medium to the recommended final concentration. Plates are incubated for 1 hour at 37 °C, fluorescence is determined on a Fluoro-Count plate reader (excitation 530 nm, emission 590 nm), and values are taken as a measure of cell growth. Cell survival is determined by trypan blue/fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) assay.