Molecule

Description

Cancer

Description

AZD6482 is an inhibitor of PI3Kβ with IC50 of 21 nM.

Targets

IC₅₀

In Vitro

AZD6482 also inhibits PI3Kα, γ, and δ, with IC50 of 80 nM to 1.4 μM, which are significantly lower than its (+)-enantiomer (S-form). AZD6482 is an antiplatelet agent; it blocks platelet activation adhesion/aggregation and promotes platelet disaggregation in assay of washed platelet aggregation (WPA), with an IC50 value of 6 nM. Furthermore, by targeting PI3Kβ, AZD6482 specifically inhibits thrombosis without interfering with normal haemostasis. Therefore, AZD6482 is used as an anti-thrombotic drug for the prophylaxis of thrombotic disorders. ^[1]

In Vivo

Clinical Trials

Investigations of AZD6482 in two Phase I clinical trials for antiplatelet effect have been completed.

Features

Assay of PI3K enzyme inhibition

The inhibition of PI3Kβ, PI3Kα, PI3Kγ, and PI3Kδ is evaluated in an AlphaScreen based enzyme activity assay using human recombinant enzymes. The assay measures PI3K-mediated conversion of PIP2 to PIP3. Biotinylated PIP3, a GST-tagged pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and the two AlphaScreen beads form a complex that elicits a signal upon laser excitation at 680 nm. The PIP3 formed in the enzyme reaction competes with the biotinylated PIP3 for binding to the PH domain thus reducing the signal with increasing enzyme product.The AZD6482 is dissolved in DMSO and added to 384 well plates. PBKβ, PBKα, PBKγ, or PBKδ is added in a Tris buffer (50 mM Tris pH 7.6, 0.05% CHAPS, 5 mM DTT, and 24 mM MgCl₂) and allowed to preincubate with AZD6482 for 20 minutes prior to the addition of substrate solution containing PIP2 and ATP. The enzyme reaction is stopped after 20 minutes by addition of stop solution containing EDTA and biotin-PIP3, followed by addition of detection solution containing GST-grpl PH and AlphaScreen beads. Plates are left for a minimum of 5 hours in the dark prior to analysis. The final concentration of DMSO, ATP and PIP2 in the assay are, 0.8%, 4 μM, and 40 μM, respectively.IC50 values are calculated according to the equation, y = {a+[(b-a)/(l+(x/IC50)^s)]}, where y = % inhibition; a = 0%; b = 100%; s = the slope of the concentration-response curve; x = AZD6482 concentration.

Cell Lines

Human platelet pellet

Concentrations

0–60 nM, dissolved in DMSO

Incubation Time

5 min

Methods

For assay of washed platelet aggregation (WPA), the platelet pellets are isolated from human blood and re-suspended to 2 × 10¹⁵/L in Tyrodes buffer (TB) containing 1 μM hirudin and 0.02 U/mL apyrase. Then, the platelet suspension is left to rest at room temperature for 30 min. Just prior to time for assay, CaCl₂ is added to a final concentration of 2 mM. AZD6482, dissolved in DMSO, is added to a 96-well plate prior to the addition of the washed platelet suspension. The platelet suspension is preincubated with AZD6482 for 5 min. Light absorption at 650 nm is recorded before and after a 5 min plate shake and referred to as recording 0 (R0) and Rl. A mouse anti-human CD9 antibody is added (at a donor specific concentration) to each well prior to next 10 min plate shake and light absorption recording; R2.For data analysis, light absorbance in wells with TB are subtracted from all readings before percent aggregation is calculated according the formula: [(R1-R2)/R1] × 100 = % aggregation. Spontaneous aggregation or pro-aggregatory effect of the inhibitor is evaluated by the same formula, [(R0-Rl)/R0] × 100 = % aggregation. IC50 values are calculated according to the equation, y = {a+[(b-a)/(l+(x/IC50)^s)]}, where y = % inhibition; a = 0%; b = 100%; s = the slope of the concentration-response curve; x = AZD6482 concentration.