Molecule

Description

Cancer

Description

Pazopanib Hydrochloride (GW786034, Votrient, Armala) is a novel multi-target inhibitor of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFR, FGFR, c-Kit and c-Fms with IC50 of 10 nM, 30 nM, 47 nM, 84 nM, 74 nM, 140 nM and 146 nM, respectively.

Targets

IC₅₀

In Vitro

Pazopanib potently inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 in HUVEC cells with IC50 of 8 nM. ^[1] PPazopanib shows dose-dependent growth inhibition in all synovial sarcoma cell lines including SYO-1 and HS-SY-II cells. Proliferation of SYO-1 and HS-SY-II cells is inhibited even at 1?μg/mL of Pazopanib and is completely abolished at 5?μg/mL. Pazopanib induces G1 arrest, and thereby suppresses the growth of synovial sarcoma cells. Phosphorylation of Akts, GSK-3β, JNKs, p70 S6 Kinase, and mTOR is suppressed in Pazopanib-treated SYO-1 cells compared with that in the vehicle-treated cells. ^[2] Pazopanib between 20 m g/mL and 22.5 m g/mL shows an increasing reduction of RPE cell viability. ^[3]

In Vivo

The mice treated with 30 mg/kg or 100?mg/kg Pazopanib reveals a significant decrease in tumor burden compared with the mice treated with vehicle or 10?mg/kg Pazopanib. Treatment with Pazopanib is well-tolerated and there is no significant difference in the body weight among the mice in each group. ^[2]

Clinical Trials

Pazopanib plus Sorafenib has entered in a phase II clinical trial in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.

Features

Multi-kinase inhibitor.

Description

Kinase enzyme assays

VEGFR enzyme assays for VEGGR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 are run in homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) format in 384-well microtiter plates using a purified, baculovirus-expressed glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein encoding the catalytic c-terminus of human VEGFR receptor kinases 1, 2, or 3. Reactions are initiated by the addition of 10 μL of activated VEGFR2 kinase solution [final concentration, 1 nM enzyme in 0.1 M HEPES, pH 7.5, containing 0.1 mg/mL bovine serum albumin (BSA), 300 μM dithiothreitol (DTT)] to 10 μL substrate solution [final concentration, 360 nM peptide, (biotin-aminohexyl-EEEEYFELVAKKKK-NH2), 75 μM ATP, 10 μM MgCl₂], and 1 μL of titrated Pazopanib in DMSO. Plates are incubated at room temperature for 60 min, and then the reaction is quenched by the addition of 20 μL of 100 mM ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). After quenching, 20 μL HTRF reagents (final concentration, 15 nM Streptavidin-linked allophycocyanin, 1 nM Europium-labeled antiphosphotyrosine antibody diluted in 0.1 mg/mL BSA, 0.1 M HEPES, pH 7.5) is added and the plates incubated for a minimum of 10 min. The fluorescence at 665 nM is measured with a Wallac Victor plate reader using a time delay of 50 μs.

Cell Lines

HUVEC cells

Concentrations

0-10 μM

Incubation Time

1 hour

Methods

Animal Models

Immunodeficient mice bearing SYO-1 cells

Formulation

Doses

0 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, or 100?mg/kg

Administration

Oral administration