Molecule

Drug Groups

approved

Description

Beclometasone dipropionate is a prodrug of the free form, beclometasone. An anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid, it is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of asthma. Beclometasone dipropionate is also being investigated for oral treatment in mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease of ileal or ileal-right colonic localisation and for "topical" use mild-to-moderate graft versus host disease.

Indication

For the maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy in patients 5 years of age and older. Also being investigated for oral treatment in mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease of ileal or ileal-right colonic localisation and for "topical" use mild-to-moderate graft versus host disease.

Pharmacology

Beclometasone, a synthetic halogenated glucocorticoid with antiinflammatory and vasoconstrictive effects, is used for treating steroid-dependent asthma, allergic or nonallergic rhinitis, or recurrent nasal polyps.

Toxicity

The acute toxicity of beclometasone dipropionate is low. The only harmful effect that follows inhalation of large amounts of the drug over a short period of time is suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function. Chronic: The excessive use of beclometasone dipropionate over a long period could lead to adrenal suppression.

Affected Organisms

Biotransformation

Metabolism mediated via esterase enzymes that are found in most tissues. Undergoes rapid and extensive conversion to beclomenthasone-17-monopropionate (17-BMP) during absorption

Absorption

Mean peak plasma concentration was 88pg/ml at 0.5 hour

Half Life

2.8 hours

Protein Binding

87% to albumin and transcortin

Elimination

Irrespective of the route of administration (injection, oral or inhalation), BDP and its metabolites are mainly excreted in the feces. Less than 10% of the drug and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Clearance

High plasma clearance after intravenous administration (150 and 120 L/hour).

References

External Links